Muscle damage following resistance exercise is characterized by a loss in plasma membrane integrity, release of intracellular constituents, and myofiber degradation. As described by Dr Connelly in his interview with Heavy Muscle Radio, a localized source of functionally-competent stem cells called satellite cells, restore myofiber formation and muscle architecture through a highly-regulated process. Toward this end, growth factors released from injured fibers, connective tissue, and infiltrating immune cells engage a diverse array of receptors located at the surface of satellite cells. This process promotes an ordered process of satellite cell activation (release from a quiescent state), migration to sites of damage, and fusion with each other to form new myofibers. As the ratio of myonuclei/sarcoplasmic volume is fixed, this process of satellite cell fusion re-establishes the myonuclear domain in growing myofibers.
Have you ever performed areola donut pexy or do you not like this practice? If you do perform it, is the scarring always permanent or can it heal???
This inquiry relates specifically to male breast reduction or gynecomastia surgery, where there is an excess of skin, frequently in combination with a large areola. And the answer is, yes, I do perform skin resection when necessary as a "donut pexy." I have a number of patient examples of this procedure, but one that is particularly appropriate to accompany a reply on this website can be found on my site at:
Myofiber size is dynamically regulated, increasing, and decreasing depending on muscle use. Hypertrophy is defined by increases in myofiber cross-sectional area and mass, as well as myofibrillar protein content. During muscle growth, cell surface receptors, relay signals from extracellular growth factors, hormones, and cytokines through cell surface receptors into the interior of the myofiber. These signals are then distilled through a myriad of signaling pathways to regulatory compartments known as nuclei within the myofiber. Therein, "myonuclei" harness growth factor-induced signaling into transcriptional signatures, protein synthesis, and notably, muscle growth. Myofibers contain many hundreds of nuclei each of which has a nuclear domain
"One of my friends who got breast implants last year just competed, and I didn't think her implants looked very good. Her surgeon told her that since she's a bodybuilder, the implants had to be above the muscle. Now that I'm planning to get mine, I'm not sure what to do-Above or below the muscle?"
Placement of breast implants in bodybuilding women presents a unique challenge for plastic surgeons and women bodybuilders. When I first started to do breast implant surgery in the early 1990s, silicone gel implants were only available for limited use, and as a result, nearly all of my early experience was with saline implants
I've been to Westside Barbell, the epicenter of all things powerlifting about a dozen times, going all the way back to their old location next to a pizza place where the window was spray painted black to keep lifters from daydreaming about Spring lilies or girls in string bikinis in the Summer. Each trip brings the unexpected.
Subscribe to RxMuscle on Youtube
